Test Bridge

Test Bridge


1. Monitoring Background

Modern large-scale bridges are important nodes of main traffic arteries and have a significant impact on the development of transportation. During the long-term use of bridges, environmental erosion, material aging, increasing traffic volume, and the increasing number of heavy and overweight vehicles crossing the bridges have led to structural damage and functional degradation. As a result, the ability to resist natural disasters and even normal environmental effects is reduced, leading to catastrophic accidents in extreme cases, causing significant casualties and property losses. Automated monitoring and diagnosis of bridge structure performance, timely damage assessment and safety warning have become an inevitable requirement for future bridge construction.

2. System Overview

Based on the Internet of Things and big data technology, the bridge health automatic monitoring system carries out long-term automatic online monitoring of the bridge structure, stores the monitoring data in the cloud platform, grasps the bridge health status in real time, and carries out damage assessment and safety warning in time. It provides a reference for the maintenance of the bridge, and provides a guarantee for the healthy operation of the bridge.

 

Main monitoring contents


桥梁结构健康监测系统

桥梁结构健康监测系统

实时监控桥梁结构状态,预防潜在风险,确保交通安全。基于物联网与大数据分析技术,提供全方位结构健康评估。

系统正常
预警状态
警报状态

安全保障

通过实时监测桥梁结构状态,提前预警潜在风险,确保桥梁运行安全,保障人民生命财产安全。

数据分析

基于大数据分析技术,对桥梁结构健康状态进行长期评估和趋势预测,为维护决策提供科学依据。

智能预警

建立多级预警机制,当监测数据超过阈值时自动触发报警,通知相关人员及时处理,防患于未然。

环境监测

监测桥梁周围环境因素,包括温湿度、风速等气象参数,这些因素直接影响桥梁结构的耐久性和安全性。通过实时环境监测,可评估环境因素对桥梁结构的长期影响。

湿度监测
采用高精度温湿度传感器,实时监测桥梁周边环境湿度变化,防止混凝土碳化及钢筋锈蚀。
桥面两侧护栏、桥墩基础处、主梁底部
风速监测
使用超声波风速仪实时监测桥梁周边风速风向,为桥梁结构安全评估提供关键气象数据。
桥塔顶部、主跨中点、桥面两侧
温度监测
分布式温度传感器网络,监测桥梁结构温度场分布,分析温度应力对结构的影响。
主梁顶底板、桥墩表面、伸缩缝附近
降雨监测
实时监测降雨量和降雨强度,评估雨水对桥梁基础的冲刷影响及排水系统效能。
桥面排水口、桥墩周围、边坡位置

变形监测

高精度监测桥梁结构的位移、沉降、倾斜等变形参数,及时发现结构异常变形,评估结构整体稳定性。采用多种技术手段互补,确保监测数据的准确性和可靠性。

沉降监测
采用静力水准仪与GPS技术相结合,毫米级精度监测桥梁基础沉降变化。
桥墩基础、桥台位置、主梁端部
倾斜监测
高精度倾角传感器阵列,实时监测桥墩、主梁等关键部位的倾斜变化。
桥墩顶部、主梁跨中、塔柱关键截面
伸缩缝监测
激光测距仪实时监测桥梁伸缩缝变化,评估温度变形及荷载作用下的位移。
桥梁伸缩缝位置、主梁连接处
水平位移
GNSS监测系统实时测量桥梁关键点位的水平位移,精度达到毫米级。
桥塔顶部、主梁跨中、桥墩顶部

应力/应变监测

实时监测桥梁关键部位的应力应变状态,评估结构受力状态是否在设计允许范围内。采用光纤光栅、电阻应变片等多种传感技术,全面掌握结构内力分布。

混凝土应变
嵌入式光纤光栅传感器,监测混凝土内部应变分布,评估结构受力状态。
主梁跨中下缘、桥墩底部、关键截面
钢筋应力
表面安装式钢筋计,实时监测关键部位钢筋应力变化,预防超应力破坏。
主梁预应力锚固区、桥墩关键截面
索力监测
振动频率法结合压力环,高精度监测斜拉桥拉索、悬索桥主缆索力变化。
斜拉索锚固端、主缆关键区段、吊杆连接处
支座应力
分布式压力传感器网络,监测桥梁支座应力分布,评估荷载传递是否均匀。
主梁支座底部、桥墩顶部支座位置

桥梁振动监测

实时监测桥梁在车辆荷载、风荷载等作用下的振动响应,评估结构动力特性及健康状况。通过频谱分析识别结构损伤,为桥梁安全运营提供重要依据。

振动加速度
三向加速度传感器阵列,监测桥梁关键部位的振动加速度响应。
主梁跨中、1/4跨、桥塔中部、桥墩顶部
频率响应
实时分析桥梁振动频谱特性,识别结构固有频率变化,评估结构损伤。
主梁关键截面、桥塔上部、悬索桥锚碇
动态位移
激光位移计实时监测车辆通过时桥梁的动态位移响应,评估结构刚度。
主梁跨中下缘、桥墩顶部、伸缩缝附近
振动预警
智能预警系统,当振动幅值超过阈值时自动报警,提示异常振动事件。
主控中心、维护办公室、现场值班室

其他监测

综合监测系统还包括腐蚀监测、裂缝监测、交通荷载监测等多种传感器,全面覆盖桥梁结构健康监测的各个方面,形成完整的监测网络。

裂缝监测
智能裂缝计实时监测混凝土裂缝宽度变化,评估结构损伤发展情况。
桥墩表面、主梁腹板、桥台位置
交通荷载
动态称重系统监测过往车辆重量、车速及车流量,评估荷载对结构的影响。
桥面入口处、主车道、应急车道
电压/电流
监测系统供电状态,确保监测设备持续稳定运行,数据不中断。
主控箱、传感器接线盒、太阳能供电板
视频监控
高清摄像头网络,实时监控桥梁运行状态及周边环境,辅助异常事件识别。
桥塔顶部、桥面两侧、桥墩周围

Monitoring basis


 

Technical Code for Structural Monitoring of Buildings and Bridges (GB 50982-2014);

Specification for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culverts (JTG H11-2004);

Evaluation Standard for Technical Condition of Highway Bridges (JTG/T H21-2011);

Standard for Quality Inspection and Evaluation of Highway Engineering (JTG F80/1-2004);

Code for Design of Highway Reinforced Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Bridges and Culverts (JTG D62-2004);

Technical Standard for Highway Engineering (JTG B01-2003);

Standard for Quality Inspection and Evaluation of Highway Engineering (JTG F80/1-2004);

Technical Code for Safety and Precaution Engineering (GB50348-2004);

Code for Construction and Acceptance of Electrical Equipment Installation Engineering, GB50254- 96;

Code for Geotechnical Investigation (GB50021-2009);

Code for Monitoring Geotechnical Engineering (YS5229-96)

Code for Engineering Survey (GB 50026-2007)

Code for second-class leveling of national 1. (GB/T12897-2006)

Other relevant national or industrial norms and mandatory standards;

Relevant construction design drawings.

 

System function


 

Data big screen

Customized data large screen to meet the different needs of customers, showing different data information.

real-time monitoring

24 hours uninterrupted real-time monitoring.

Data alarm

According to the different range of monitoring and control indicators, the early warning is divided into three levels for monitoring process management, and the monitoring data is compared with the three-level early warning value to determine the monitoring and early warning level of the site. And through the platform, SMS and email to notify the relevant responsible person.

Data analysis

Including comparative analysis, correlation analysis, time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and other analysis methods.

Patrol inspection and maintenance

Make patrol inspection plan, record, repair and maintain the diseased parts.

Report generation

Users can set different report generation rules based on customized report templates and general report templates, and automatically generate their own monitoring data reports.

Security Assessment

Combined with the inspection record data, monitoring data and detection data, the weight of different parts of the structure is scored, and finally the overall safety score of the structure is obtained.

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